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The Near Northwest Side Story : Migration, Displacement, and Puerto Rican Families

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High School in Chicago, Illinois

Roberto Clemente Customs Academy
Roberto Clemente Community Academy, Chicago (2006).JPG
Address

1147 Northward. Western Artery


Chicago

,

Illinois

60622

United States
Coordinates 41°54′09″N 87°41′10″W  /  41.9026°N 87.6861°W  / 41.9026; -87.6861 Coordinates: 41°54′09″N 87°41′x″West  /  41.9026°Northward 87.6861°W  / 41.9026; -87.6861
Information
Erstwhile names Northwest Division High School (1892–1906)
Tuley High School (1906–1974)
School type Public Secondary
Established 1974
School commune Chicago Public Schools
CEEB code 141325[ii]
Primary Fernando Southward. Mojica[one]
Grades 9–12
Gender Coed
Enrollment 697 (2018–nineteen)[1]
Campus blazon Urban
Colour(south) Blue
Gold[3]
Athletics conference Chicago Public League[3]
Team name Wildcats[iii]
Accreditation North Central Clan of Colleges and Schools[four]
Website rccachicago.org

Roberto Clemente Customs Academy (commonly known every bit Clemente, Roberto Clemente High School) is a public four–year loftier schoolhouse located in the Due west Town customs area of Chicago, Illinois, U.s.a.. Clemente is operated by Chicago Public Schools (CPS) district. The school is named for Puerto Rican baseball player Roberto Enrique Clemente (1934–1972).

Gina M. Pérez, the author of The Near Northwest Side Story: Migration, Displacement, and Puerto Rican Families, wrote that in Chicago the school is known as "the Puerto Rican high schoolhouse".[v] Jennifer Domino Rudolph, author of Embodying Latino Masculinities: Producing Masculatinidad wrote that the school "is strongly associated with Puerto Rican cultural nationalism".[6] Ana Y. Ramos-Zayas, author of National Performances: The Politics of Class, Race, and Space in Puerto Rican Chicago, wrote that the school was portrayed in the media as "the property of Puerto Rican nationalists" and "as role of Puerto Rico."[7] Rudolph stated that media depictions of violence from Puerto Rican nationalism movements acquired the school to become controversial,[6] and that the school was associated with much of the "backfire against manifestations of Puerto Rican identity."[eight] According to Pérez, every bit of 2004, most West Boondocks expanse residents have a sense of pride in the school, while also lamenting problems mutual in Chicago public schools that appear at Clemente, such as gangs and school violence, dropouts, and low examination scores.[v]

History [edit]

The school was established in 1892 as Northwest Division High School. It was renamed Tuley High School in 1906. In 1974, the school moved to a new facility across the street named Roberto Clemente High School. Overcrowding was the reason why the old Tuley building closed.[9] The students had demanded that the school be renamed after Clemente, as well as asking for the removal of the existing curriculum and principal when they had the school closed in 1973.[5] At the time approximately 53% of the students were of Puerto Rican ancestry. The principal, Herbert Fink left his position.[x] By Nov 1974 in that location was another demonstration protesting against removals of teachers.[11]

1990s [edit]

Circa 1988, Clemente High established a new curriculum that was centered around students and involved participation from parents and multiculturalism.[5] Parents and area community activists shaped the school'due south curriculum in a way of the traditional American education arrangement.[12] In addition, the schoolhouse hired parents equally mentors, hall monitors, role workers, and tutors. The schoolhouse added a legal clinic to assist parents, students, and immigrants.[5]

In the 1990s, Chicago-expanse media began to criticize the Clemente parents and activists. This unfolded every bit the Personal Responsibility and Piece of work Opportunity Act was passed in 1996.[12] Persons in the media accused some area parents of stealing money because the school paid them $20 for volunteer piece of work even though they were also on welfare; this is despite the welfare reform act'due south stated goal to encourage those on welfare to piece of work.[13] Other schools in Chicago enacted reforms similar to those at Clemente, which had reduced dropout rates by over 10%.[five]

Circa 1995, Chicago surface area local and Illinois state officials defendant the school of using an Illinois aid plan to ship students to Puerto Rico to attend a radical political campus, fund flights for performers and speakers favoring Puerto Rico being politically independent from the United States, and to provide money for a pro-Puerto Rican independence fundraiser.[14] In 1996, CPS launched an investigation into mismanagement of coin. In 1995 and 1996, respectively, it had placed Clemente on financial, and and so academic probation.[5] In November 1996, a CPS evaluation of Clemente stated, "the political climate and divisiveness thwart academic progress at a level then pregnant that the education of the students is being ignored."[fourteen]

On January 31, 1997, Jerry Anderson, an administrator at Homewood-Flossmoor High School and potential candidate for principal at Clemente, decided to decline the position at Clemente after receiving a letter asking her to call "your boss" for the FALN and phone calls asking her to meet leaders of the area Puerto Rican community; she stated that, "I didn't remember politics should accept whatever part in didactics."[14] She also stated that on February ane, 1997, she received a expiry threat on her answering motorcar. As a result, CPS head Paul Grand. Vallas notified the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), and Edgar Lopez, the chairperson of a committee named by the speaker of the Illinois House of Representatives to look into the school, accused information technology of existence "controlled past radicals" and asked for it to be broken into smaller schools.[14]

In February 1997, Irene DaMota, the master of Whittier Elementary School, was selected as the new Clemente principal.[xiv]

Chicago Sun-Times story [edit]

A February 4, 1997, commodity in the Chicago Dominicus-Times, "School funds used to push terrorist' release," had defendant the school of promoting the release of terrorists.[5] It quoted a CPS written report stating that school funds were used to promote the release of the terrorist and for Puerto Rican independence movements, and that the American flag was banned from some classrooms.[15]

The director of the Chicago Latino Institute, Migdalia Rivera, criticized the story and distributed a rebuttal.[sixteen] In response, the newspaper defended its reporting.[17]

An area political strategist and businessperson, Larry Ligas, a person non of Puerto Rican origin, claimed credit for spearheading the story. He said he got information, much of it from former Puerto Rican independence movement propagandist, Rafael Marrero, and gave it to Sun-Times journalist Michelle Campbell. Campbell verified what Ligas sent her and added some information of her ain. Ligas posted a press release praising the Sunday-Times story prior to its release. Ben Joravsky of the Chicago Reader stated that Ligas was "relatively unknown" at the fourth dimension of the story'southward release.[eighteen] Marrero, at the time, was an informant for the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI). He had been trying to demolition the Juan Antonio Corretjer Puerto Rican Cultural Center,[19] which had a working relationship with Clemente. Marrero would subsequently give testimony in which he accused parties of perpetrating fraud.[twenty]

In regards to the story itself, Joravsky stated that at the time the story was released, people in northwest Chicago were speculating about who was responsible for spearheading the story and not then much about its veracity; in regards to that, Joravsky stated that the latter was "a point of view that varies with one's ideology."[18]

On February 12, 1997, a grouping of Puerto Ricans and other Hispanics and Latinos protested at the Sun-Times offices, accusing the paper of anti-Latino bias and racism.[21]

On February eighteen, CPS head Vallas stated that Illinois lawmakers needed to be more than stringent with rules regarding spending of funds intended for poor children.[22] Vallas criticized the programs of Clemente and the Puerto Rican centre.[20] Even though in that location is no concrete evidence stating that the schoolhouse had associations with the Fuerzas Armadas de Liberación Nacional Puertorriqueña (FALN), at ane time the FBI accused it of doing and so.[6] The FBI had asked for an investigation, and so did the US attorney based in Chicago. Several hearings were held in the Illinois Legislature.[20]

Ultimately, no testify of any fraud surfaced. Oscar López Rivera wrote that Marrero "wreaked havoc on the hard community work the Center had carried out at Clemente Loftier Schoolhouse for years."[20]

2000s and beyond [edit]

Clemente was one of xvi schools nationwide selected by the College Board for inclusion in the EXCELerator School Improvement Model program beginning the 2007-2008 school year. The projection was funded by the Neb & Melinda Gates Foundation.[ commendation needed ]

The school was scheduled to begin using the International Baccalaureate plan by the 2013-2014 schoolhouse year.[23]

Educatee body [edit]

As of 2019, the school had 697 students,[1] with significant numbers of Puerto Rican Americans, African-Americans, and Mexican Americans, and other groups of Hispanic and Latino Americans and Eastern European Americans.[nine]

In 1997 it had ii,400 students.[14]

Academics and programs [edit]

Clemente offers six Avant-garde Placement classes and is as well an International Baccalaureate candidate school.[24] Clemente also has vocational education programs that focus on culinary arts and radio/goggle box dissemination. The latter programme is taught by a announcer from Chicago's WGN-AM radio station.[25] In addition, students may participate in JROTC.[26] In 2012, 92.six% of Clemente freshmen were classified as on-track to graduate.[25]

Equally of 2004, the school curriculum stresses multiculturalism and aims to develop ethnic pride.[5]

Information technology hosts community events, such every bit speaking engagements and cultural programs, bachelor to everyone in the surrounding area.[5]

As of 2004, Clemente had a relationship with the Puerto Rican Cultural Center's Pedro Albizu Campos Alternative High School; it had once used Campos equally an alternate site. Clemente also has partnerships with Vida/SIDA and the ASPIRA Clan.[5]

Campus [edit]

The school includes various murals along Division Street which portray symbols of Puerto Rican civilisation and Puerto Rican nationalism.[v]

Student performance [edit]

Circa 2005, the school had i of the highest dropout rates in the United states.[half-dozen] Past 2019, the graduation charge per unit was 84%.[i]

Athletics [edit]

Clemente competes in the Chicago Public League (CPL) and is a fellow member of the Illinois Loftier School Association (IHSA). The boys' baseball squad were public league champions nine times (1973–74, 1978–79, 1980–81, 1981–82, 1987–88, 1988–89, 1994–95, 1996–97 and 2001–02).[27] From 1973 to 2005, the team won 10 Chicago baseball championships and Wilfredo Cruz, writer of Puerto Rican Chicago, described the team as "formidable."[28]

Notable alumni [edit]

  • Saul Bellow, attended Tuley Loftier Schoolhouse; recipient of the Nobel Prize in Literature.[29]
  • Isaac Rosenfeld, Jewish-American writer who became a prominent member of New York intellectual circles. Saul Blare modeled the character Male monarch Dahfu in Henderson the Pelting King on Rosenfeld who he befriended and worked with on the school newspaper at Tuley.
  • Victor Diaz, professional baseball actor with the New York Mets and Texas Rangers
  • Ramon Ocasio 3, Melt County judge and president of the Puerto Rican Bar Clan of Illinois.
  • Mickey Rottner, attended Tuley High School; played basketball for Loyola and professionally.

Meet also [edit]

  • Chicago Public Schools
  • Listing of schools in Chicago Public Schools
  • Puerto Ricans in Chicago

References [edit]

  1. ^ a b c d "Clemente HS". Chicago Public Schools. Retrieved 3 July 2020.
  2. ^ "High School Code Search". College Board. Retrieved 2 January 2010.
  3. ^ a b c "Chicago (Clemente)". Illinois High School Clan (IHSA). 31 December 2009. Retrieved 2 January 2010.
  4. ^ "Establishment Summary for RCCA". Avant-garde profile. N Central Association Committee on Accreditation and School Improvement. Retrieved ii January 2010.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h i j 1000 50 Pérez, The Near Northwest Side Story: Migration, Displacement, and Puerto Rican Families. Academy of California Press, October four, 2004. ISBN 0520936418, 9780520936416. p. 157.
  6. ^ a b c d Rudolph, Jennifer Domino. Embodying Latino Masculinities: Producing Masculatinidad. Palgrave Macmillan, August half dozen, 2012. ISBN 1137022884, 9781137022882. p. 46.
  7. ^ Ramos-Zayas, Ana Y. National Performances: The Politics of Class, Race, and Space in Puerto Rican Chicago. University of Chicago Press, July 15, 2003. ISBN 0226703592, 9780226703596. p. 233.
  8. ^ Rudolph, Jennifer Domino (University of Illinois at Chicago). "Roncamos Porque Podemos": Racialization, Redemption, and Mascu-latinidad" (PhD thesis). ProQuest, 2008. p. 124.
  9. ^ a b "About U.s.". Roberto Clemente Community University. Retrieved 23 July 2018.
  10. ^ Soll, Rick (1974-11-14). "Many forces at work at Clemente". Chicago Tribune. Chicago, Illinois. p. Section 1, Page 6. - Clipping from Newspapers.com.
  11. ^ "Units programme to avert trouble at Clemente". Chicago Tribune. Chicago, Illinois. 1974-11-xiv. p. Section 1, Page 6. - Clipping from Newspapers.com.
  12. ^ a b Ramos-Zayas, Ana Y. National Performances: The Politics of Grade, Race, and Space in Puerto Rican Chicago. Academy of Chicago Press, July fifteen, 2003. ISBN 0226703592, 9780226703596. p. 233-234.
  13. ^ Ramos-Zayas, Ana Y. National Performances: The Politics of Class, Race, and Space in Puerto Rican Chicago. University of Chicago Printing, July 15, 2003. ISBN 0226703592, 9780226703596. p. 234.
  14. ^ a b c d eastward f "Death Threat Prompts School Probe in Chicago" (Archive). Education Week. February 12, 1997. Retrieved on December 20, 2015.
  15. ^ "Written report: Chicago School Touted Puerto Rican Cause" (Archive). Orlando Sentinel. February v, 1997. Retrieved on December xx, 2015.
  16. ^ Miner, Michael. "Sun-Times, School Bully/ In My Tribe" (Archive). Chicago Reader. February xiii, 1997. Retrieved on December 20, 2015.
  17. ^ "Clemente reporting presented the facts." Chicago Sun-Times. Feb 7, 1997. Retrieved on December twenty, 2015.
  18. ^ a b Joravsky, Ben. "Lessons in Propaganda" (Archive). Chicago Reader. February 20, 1997. Retrieved on December xx, 2015.
  19. ^ Lopez Rivera, Oscar. "A Century of Colonialism: One Hundred Years of Puerto Rican Resistance." In: James, Joy (editor). Warfare in the American Homeland: Policing and Prison in a Penal Democracy. Duke University Press, June 29, 2007. ISBN 0822389746, 9780822389743. Start: p. 161. CITED: p. 178.
  20. ^ a b c d López Rivera, Oscar. "A Century of Colonialism: One Hundred Years of Puerto Rican Resistance." In: James, Joy (editor). Warfare in the American Homeland: Policing and Prison in a Penal Democracy. Duke Academy Press, June 29, 2007. ISBN 0822389746, 9780822389743. Start: p. 161. CITED: p. 179.
  21. ^ Fitzgerald, Mark. "Picketing The Chicago Dominicus-Times p.11" [(Annal). Editor & Publisher. March 15, 1997. Volume 130, Number 11. Retrieved on Dec 20, 2015. Available from [ dead link ] .
  22. ^ Rossi, Rosalind. "Clemente High // School chief wants amend money rules." Chicago Sun-Times. February 18, 1997. Retrieved on December 20, 2015.
  23. ^ Moore, Evan F. "Clemente implements IB program Archived 2016-03-05 at the Wayback Machine" (Archive). Extra. July 26, 2012. Retrieved on December 22, 2015.
  24. ^ RCCA IB School. Retrieved on July 26, 2013.
  25. ^ a b Roberto Clemente Community Academy brochure. Retrieved on July 26, 2013.
  26. ^ RCCA JROTC. Retrieved on July 26, 2013.
  27. ^ IHSA: Clemente (Chicago)
  28. ^ Cruz, Wilfredo. Puerto Rican Chicago (Images of America). Arcadia Publishing, Feb 2, 2005. ISBN 1439631549, 9781439631546. Google Books PT71.
  29. ^ Fasman, Jon (Nov 2, 2008). "Where Words Took Shape: Saul Bellow'south Chicago". New York Times.

Further reading [edit]

  • "Clemente story smeared effort of educators" (opinion). Chicago Sun Times. February ix, 1997.
  • Studer, John. "Puerto Ricans Fight For Rights In Chicago " (Archive). The Militant. March 3, 1997. Volume 61, Number 9.
  • "90_HR0067 LRB9005400CBcbA House Representatives" (Archive). State of Illinois 90th General Assembly Legislation.
  • Ríos, Alejandra Cerna. "Clemente High, viii Years After the Investigation." Extra. April 27, 2005
    • Spanish version: (in Castilian) Ríos, Alejandra Cerna. Translator: Víctor Flores. "SECUNDARIA CLEMENTE, eight AÑOS DESPUÉS DE LA INVESTIGACIÓN." Actress. April 27, 2005.

External links [edit]

  • Official website

smithfloo1988.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roberto_Clemente_Community_Academy

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